Tihar, also known as the Festival of Lights, is one of the most important and colorful festivals celebrated in Nepal. It is a Hindu festival that lasts for five days and usually falls in October or November. The festival holds great cultural and religious significance and is marked by joy, togetherness, and vibrant decorations. It is a time when families come together to worship, exchange gifts, and spread happiness.
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The first day of Tihar is called Kaag Tihar, which is dedicated to crows, also known as the messengers of death. People offer food to crows early in the morning to keep sadness away from their homes. The act symbolizes respect for all living beings and the importance of harmony in nature. It is a simple yet meaningful start to the festival, reminding everyone to cherish life and be grateful for nature's balance.
The second day is Kukur Tihar, a special day to honor dogs. Dogs are worshipped as protectors and loyal companions. On this day, people place garlands around the necks of dogs and mark their foreheads with a red tika. They also offer delicious food to them. This tradition shows the deep bond between humans and animals and teaches us to love and respect all creatures.
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The third day, known as Gai Tihar and Laxmi Puja, is the most significant day of the festival. In the morning, cows are worshipped as a symbol of prosperity and motherly love. They are decorated with garlands and fed special treats. In the evening, Goddess Laxmi, the goddess of wealth and prosperity, is worshipped. Houses are cleaned and decorated with oil lamps, candles, and colorful rangoli designs to welcome her blessings. The whole atmosphere becomes magical with lights and prayers.
On the fourth day, people celebrate in different ways depending on their traditions. For some, it is Govardhan Puja, where people worship cows and cow dung to honor nature's gifts. For others, it is Mha Puja, a Newari tradition where individuals perform rituals to purify their souls and seek blessings for a healthy and prosperous life. This day reflects the diversity of cultures within Nepal and their unique ways of celebrating Tihar.
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The fifth and final day is Bhai Tika, dedicated to the bond between brothers and sisters. Sisters apply tika, made of colorful powders, on their brothers' foreheads and offer them fruits, sweets, and gifts. In return, brothers give gifts and promise to protect their sisters. This day strengthens family ties and highlights the importance of love and respect in relationships.
Throughout the festival, children and young people sing Deusi-Bhailo, traditional songs, while visiting neighbors' homes. They are welcomed with food, money, and blessings. This tradition adds joy and excitement to the celebration, bringing communities closer together. The streets are filled with laughter, music, and lights, creating a festive and warm environment.
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Tihar is not just a festival but a celebration of life, nature, and relationships. It teaches us the values of gratitude, respect, and unity. The lights and decorations symbolize hope and positivity, while the rituals remind us of our cultural roots and the importance of maintaining harmony with nature and loved ones. Tihar truly reflects the rich traditions and joyful spirit of Nepal.
